Medical professionals are issuing urgent warnings about the dangers of blood clots, a condition that affects approximately 60,000 individuals annually in the UK alone. Without timely intervention, blood clots can lead to serious health complications, including fatalities. Dr. Punam Krishan, featured on BBC’s Morning Live, emphasized the importance of recognizing symptoms and taking preventive measures against this potentially life-threatening condition.
The issue gained heightened attention following the death of actress Catherine O’Hara, aged 71. Reports indicate that she died from a pulmonary embolism, a serious complication resulting from a blood clot lodged in the lung. Medical examiners revealed that this clot arose during her cancer treatment, underscoring the critical nature of understanding blood clot risks and symptoms.
Understanding Blood Clots and Their Risks
Blood clots occur when blood cells clump together, which is a natural process to prevent excessive bleeding. Dr. Krishan explained, “When we hear the word ‘blood clot’, it sends a fright, and not all clotting is bad. Our bodies are naturally designed to clot to stop bleeding. The problem arises when a clot forms where it should not.” One of the most common sites for such clots is in the deep veins of the legs, typically affecting one leg at a time.
The most severe complication arises when clots dislodge and travel to the lungs, resulting in a pulmonary embolism. Dr. Krishan described this condition as “potentially life-threatening,” as it can block blood supply to vital organs.
While anyone can develop blood clots, certain demographics are at increased risk. Dr. Krishan highlighted several vulnerable groups, including:
- Individuals over 60
- People who are overweight
- Regular smokers
- Women using the oral contraceptive pill or hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
- Those undergoing cancer treatment
- Individuals with a family history of heart failure, varicose veins, or previous blood clots
Additional temporary risk factors include recent childbirth, extended travel—particularly journeys exceeding three hours—and prolonged periods of immobility, such as during hospital stays or recovery from surgery.
Recognizing Symptoms and Seeking Help
The NHS offers guidance on minimizing the risk of blood clots and emphasizes the importance of recognizing symptoms. Key preventive measures include maintaining regular movement, staying hydrated, avoiding prolonged sitting, and quitting smoking. Immediate medical assistance should be sought if individuals experience:
- Leg pain or swelling
- Chest discomfort
- Breathing difficulties
- Coughing up blood
The NHS warns, “A blood clot is not life-threatening by itself. However, it can move out of position and travel, blocking the blood supply to your lungs. This type of blood clot is called a pulmonary embolism (PE) and can be life-threatening.” Symptoms of a pulmonary embolism may include sudden breathlessness, sharp chest pain, and an elevated heart rate.
Medical professionals typically prescribe anticoagulants, such as apixaban or rivaroxaban, to reduce the risk of further clot formation. These medications work by thinning the blood, thereby preventing additional clots from developing.
As awareness of blood clots grows, individuals are encouraged to educate themselves about the risk factors and symptoms. Prompt action can save lives, making it crucial for everyone to be vigilant about their health and seek help when necessary.
